English Summary AGRO No. 8/2004

Rules of autumn grain crop protection from weeds (Mikulka)

Grain crops with oil-seed rape belong to the most growed crops in the Czech Republic. They are often sort to crop rotation and that lead to quick propagation of weed forms. There are very elaborated ways of weed regulation and an offer of herbicides is pretty big. Occurrence of weeds in grain crops is also greatly influenced by methods of ground elaboration.

Efficiency of choosen gramicides in oil-seed rape vegetation in autumn 2002 (Štranc)

Efficiency of gramicides in oil-seed rape vegetation in autumn 2002 was slow. In consequence of ground supersaturating of water and low minimal day temperatures, which were under normal standards during the time of sprinting and the following days, led to slower growth and to translocation of gramicides in plant shedding.

Blights as Tilletia on wheat are (not) still a threat (Prokinová)

Blights as Tilletia on wheat occur every year. On wheat in the Czech Republic are stated the following blight sorts: Ustilago tritici, Tilletia caries, syn. T. tritici, Tilletia foetida and Tilletia controversa. Tilletia caries threat tritikale too. Seed is the main, and at some sorts the only source of infection.

The most important virus diseases of grain crops and their frequency in the Czech Republic (Širlová)

In recent years get to the foreground in past passed by diseases of grain crops virus dwarfism. They cause huge damages in some areas and years. One of the most important invaders is Wheat dwarf virus WDF, Barley yellow dwarf virus BYDV and Cereal yellow dwarf virus CYDV.

Beware of bacterial and fungal diseases of vegetating sugar beet and danger of its retrovegetation (Zahradníček)

This years unsettled and mostly humid weather, defined by rainfall and temperature fluctuations create during the whole previous period of sugar beet vegetation potential danger of bacterial and root decays infection and fungal leaf diseases, which greatly lower gain, worsen technological quality of sugar beet and its storage stability in post-harvest time period as well.

Autumn pests of oil-seed rape(Rotrekl)

Oil-seed rape is the most extended oil-bearing crop in the Czech Republic. Series of pests, except of weather conditions process, influence success of oil-bearing crop growing. The autumn pests are pests as Phyllotreta a Psylliodes chrysocephala, Ceutorhynchus pleurostigma, or Ceutorhynchus picitarsis, Athalia rosae, Agrotis segetum and during humid weather slugs of Deroceras, Delia radicum and Phytomyza rufipes genus.

Hop aphid ways of hop defence(Muška)

Hop aphid malign as a matter of fact during the whole time of hop growing in hop gardens. Hop protection from this malign factor is recently without use of insecticide not possible. Their application is a problem for entofauna in hop gardens, environment etc. Even though all the effort in searching other ways of protection, insecticides stay the most effective method.

Nutrition and fertilisation of grass stands(Veselá)

Utilisation of biological potential of grass stands is in final rate influenced by level of plant nutrition. In nutrition of grass stands, we must abide by principle, that we are going to regularly restore the same amount of nutrition, as amount of the evacuated nutrition. Botanical composition of stand is the reflection of complex stance conditions and anthropogenic activity.

Affect of time of harvest on production and technological quality of beetroot (Pulkrábek)

Later date of harvest brings especially bigger production of beetroot. Sugar content depends on year. If plants have healthy photosynthetic apparatus at the end of vegetation, sugar content may grow by later date of harvest. If rainy period follows after long drought, it comes to lower sugar content because of retrovegetation.

Maturity of sugar beet and its signs (Zahradníček)

We should gather all the sugar beet in the time of its physiological maturity for maximal beet production. We should consider other indicators as well, as physiological and technological maturity of beer, health, weather and ground marks, transport ability and plan of acceptance in particular sugar refinery.

Early completion of potato vegetation influences health of root tubers and their quality(Rasocha)

Early completion of potato vegetation is recently already generally used technological intervention by potato growing in all utility courses. It is made mechanically or chemically, possibly by combination of both methods.

Stress and plants(Bláha)

Climatic changes, especially big weather fluctuations in particular moths of a year bring relatively irregularly and accidentally divided rainfalls and frequent accession of high temperatures during plant vegetation. There are opposite situations as well. Because of that is the tolerance to weather fluctuations and other physiological influences very important factor.

Triflurex 48 EC safe herbicide for autumn treatment of grain crops and oil-seed rape (Svoboda)

There is no need to discuss about malign effect of Apera spica-venti in grain crops anymore, because economical limit of malignancy is relatively low. Already 15-20 pieces of plants at square metre makes greatly lower production.

Early autumn treatment of grain crops allows to use low rates of herbicides, which bear on a fact, that grain crops react to effective materials of herbicides insensitively in this period of time, and on the other side weeds are very sensitive.

Low rates of gramicides by extermination of shedding of grain crops in oil-seed rape (Koudela)

The trend of recent years is effort of as low rates of gramicides as possible, and of course expenses as well at one protected hectare. But this is not every time faced with proper positive answer and so result leads to dissatisfaction of cultivator, who gave in alluring argumentation.

Lasso MTX function under extreme conditions(Matuš)

Formulation Lasso MTX is on the Czech market for two seasons already. Both years differ from each other by weather in period of seeding of oil-seed rape and in autumn as well. Contribution contains interview with the agriculturist Ing. Jiří Bárta of Agricultural Co-operative Jiřice u Miroslavi, district Znojmo, about his experiences with Lasso MTX under extreme conditions.

Roundup management base of EKOTECH system(Václavík)

EKOTECH system was defined by Monsanto Company eight years ago as economical and ecological technologies of agricultural crops growing. Its base is from the beginning ground protecting and reducing technologies completed with complex system of weed control and gradually extended by other agricultural technological components.

Quality above all, price at the first place(Šonský)

Caramba is fungicide formulation with high morforegulating effect. It protect plants of oil-seed rape from winter killing, support better progress of root system and creation of yield components. So increase oil-seed rape production in final evaluation and by its use appear as very profit by economical rating.