Influence of abiotic stresses on seed development, traits of see

Influence of abiotic stresses on seed development, traits of seeds, germination morphology of roots of sprouting plants and nutrient uptake and following seed production

Statistically significant influence of abiotic stresses - drought, high temperature, waterlogging, salinity, low pH, high and low level of nutrients on the seed traits (germination of seeds), morphology of roots of sprouting plants, nutrient utilisation, growth, development and yield stability were analysed in laboratory conditions or in field trials at different localities. From the agronomic point of vie ”seed provenance” i.e. the influence of different abiotic stresses (and the combinations) has influence not only on the seed traits but also on first phases of plant development and the following yield formation.

The order of importance of individual traits of the root for plant production depends on genotype an on the environmental conditions (type of stress).

Water stress tolerance of seedlings of nine cultivars of winter wheat was significantly influenced by following three factors: seed origin (control and defoliated plants), seed size (large > 2,8 mm and small 2,0 mm) and moisture defic 18 ml and 9 ml per 80 seeds).

In case of measurements of net energy the statistically significant difference existed only among cultivars, but for stress treatments they were not statistical significant.

There was measurable influence of abiotic stresses on a degree contamination of seeds by spores of pathogenic fungi.

Regulation of seed vigour and development of root system are the key issue for developing crop production (especially for low input system).

Autor: L. Bláha, M. Ottová, F. Hnilička, J. Zámečník, V. Novák

Zdroj: ISTA 75th anniversary. 1999 World seed conference, 6 - 8 Semptember 1999,

Cambringe UK, s. 39, 1999